Before 2000, Bangladesh’s knit garment industry was small but growing fast. The movement began in the late 1970s and gradually picked up speed throughout the 1980s and 1990s. By the close of the century, knitwear had established itself as a vital component of the nation’s economy.
The main products were T-shirts, polo shirts, and undergarments. These were sold to countries in Europe and North America. Factories were often located near Dhaka and Narayanganj, where workers and resources were easy to find.
Many factories were small and family-run. Over time, larger factories opened. They used better machines and hired more workers. Still, most work was done by hand or with basic tools. Labor costs were low, which helped Bangladesh compete with other countries.
Most workers were young women. The jobs gave them steady pay, which was rare at the time. But factory conditions were often tough. Long hours, low pay, and unsafe buildings were common. There were few rules to protect workers, and inspections were rare.
Buyers from abroad pushed for low prices. This made it hard for factories to invest in better equipment or safety. Still, demand kept growing. By the late 1990s, knitwear exports made up a big part of Bangladesh’s total garment sales.
The government also played a role. It offered tax breaks, made exports easier, and supported training programs. This helped the industry expand and create jobs.
By 2000, knit garment factories had become a key part of Bangladesh’s future. Though there were many problems, the foundation was set for growth. With more support and safer practices, the industry had the chance to grow stronger in the years ahead.